INTRUSI AIR LAUT PADA SISTEM AKUIFER TERTEKAN CEKUNGAN AIR TANAH JAKARTA BERDASARKAN ANALISIS HIDROKIMIA DAN HIDROISOTOP
Abstract
The seawater intrusion phenomenon in the Jakarta groundwater basin is still on going debate, in terms of the scale, mechanism, and its existence. This paper elaborates the characteristics of hydrochemistry and hydroisotopes (18O dan 2H) as well as the piezometric hydrograph to identify seawater intrusion in the Jakarta groundwater basin. Analyses show that saline groundwater is originated from upper confined aquifer with distance of less than 3 km from coastline, while the slightly saline groundwater is originated from both upper confined aquifer and middle confined aquifer with distances of less than 9 km from coastline. The indicated groundwater intruded by seawater with TDS > 1000 mg/L, Na/Cl < 1, and Cl/HCO3> 0,55 is showed by sample from areas of Kapuk, Tongkol, and Sunter for the upper confined aquifer, and areas from Daan Mogot, Cakung, and Tongkol for the middle confined aquifer. Only in Kapuk the seawater intrusión associated with the piezometric drop that continuely occur up to present. Quantitatively, seawater intrusión in this area have reached mixing scales of up to c.a. 11 – 21 %, based on the composition of 18O dan 2H.
Abstrak
Fenomena intrusi air laut di Cekungan Air Tanah (CAT) Jakarta sampai saat ini masih menjadi perdebatan baik dari segi skala, mekanisme, maupun ada atau tidaknya fenomena tersebut. Tulisan ini mengelaborasi karakter hidrokimia dan hidroisotop (18O dan 2H), serta hidrograf pisometrik untuk mengidentifikasi fenomena intrusi air laut pada CAT Jakarta. Hasil analisis menunjukkan air tanah yang bersifat asin berasal dari sistem akuifer tertekan atas dengan jarak kurang dari 3 km dari pantai, sedangkan air tanah yang bersifat sedikit asin berasal baik dari akuifer tertekan atas maupun akuifer tertekan tengah dengan jarak kurang dari 9 km dari pantai. Air tanah yang terindikasi intrusi air laut dengan TDS > 1000 mg/L, Na/Cl < 1, dan Cl/HCO3> 0,55 ditunjukkan oleh conto dari daerah Kapuk, Tongkol, dan Sunter untuk akuifer tertekan atas, serta daerah Daan Mogot, Cakung, dan Tongkol untuk akuifer tertekan tengah. Hanya di daerah Kapuk proses intrusi air laut tersebut berhubungan dengan penurunan pisometrik yang masih berlangsung hingga saat ini. Secara kuantitatif, intrusi air laut di daerah ini telah mencapai tingkat pencampuran sekitar 11 – 21 % berdasarkan komposisi isotop 18O dan 2H.
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ISSN : 0975-7384
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/risetgeotam2017.v27.430
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