ESTIMASI IMBUHAN AIRTANAH DAS CIDANAU MENGGUNAKAN MODEL NERACA KESETIMBANGAN AIR

Gumilar Utamas Nugraha; Priyo Hartanto; Hendra Bakti; Asep Mulyono

doi:10.14203/risetgeotam2020.v30.1118

ESTIMASI IMBUHAN AIRTANAH DAS CIDANAU MENGGUNAKAN MODEL NERACA KESETIMBANGAN AIR

Gumilar Utamas Nugraha, Priyo Hartanto, Hendra Bakti, Asep Mulyono

Abstract

Airtanah merupakan faktor penting bagi pembangunan ekonomi di wilayah Serang Barat dan Kota Cilegon, dimana kedua wilayah ini terletak di dalam DAS Cidanau. Selain itu, imbuhan airtanah sangat dibutuhkan untuk memastikan keberlanjutan dan pengelolaan airtanah di suatu wilayah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi resapan airtanah DAS Cidanau menggunakan metode Thornthwaite, Dingman, Dingman−Hamon dan Edijatno−Michel. Keempat metode estimasi pengimbuhan airtanah tersebut merupakan metode kesetimbangan air yang berlandaskan model neraca kesetimbangan air. Software ESPERE version 2 digunakan untuk menganalisis kesetimbangan air berdasarkan keempat metode tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat tiga klaster nilai imbuhan airtanah di lokasi penelitian yaitu Thronthwaite (157 mm/tahun), Dingman−Hamon (125 mm/tahun), dan Edijatno−Michel (186 mm/tahun). Ketiga perbedaan nilai ini disebabkan oleh adanya perbedaan kalkulasi nilai hujan efektif metode- metode tersebut, dimana metode Dingman dan metode Edijatno−Michel memiliki kecenderungan pola kalkulasi yang sama. Imbuhan airtanah hanya sekitar 7,8 – 11,6 % dari jumlah hujan tahunan yang ada di lokasi penelitian. Sekitar 80 % dari hujan tahunan di konversikan menjadi evapotranspirasi potensial dan sisanya menjadi limpasan permukaan. Dengan mempertimbangkan kondisi geologi - hidrometeorologi Indonesia yang cenderung kompleks, metode Thornthwaite dan metode Dingman−Hamon direkomendasikan untuk perhitungan nilai imbuhan airtanah yang ada di Indonesia.

ABSTRACT − Groundwater Recharge Estimation using Water Budget Method in Cidanau Watershed. Groundwater is an important factor for economic development in West Serang and Cilegon City. These areas are located within the Cidanau watershed. Moreover, groundwater recharge is crucial to ensure the sustainability and the management of groundwater in an area. This study aims to estimate groundwater recharge in the Cidanau watershed using the Thornthwaite, Dingman, Dingman−Hamon, and Edijatno−Michel methods. These four groundwater recharge estimation methods are water budget method based on the water balance model analysis using the ESPERE version 2 software. The results show three clusters of annual groundwater recharge values in the research location, which are Thronthwaite (157 mm/year), Dingman−Hamon (125 mm / year), and Edijatno−Michel (186 mm / year). The three different values were derived from differences in the effective rainfall values calculations in those three methods. The Dingman and the Edijatno−Michel method tend to have a similar calculation pattern. The groundwater recharge is only 7.8 − 11.6 % of the total annual rainfall in the study area. It is estimated that 80% of the annual rainfall is converted into potential evapotranspiration, and the rest becomes surface runoff.

Keywords

groundwater, recharge, water budget

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/risetgeotam2020.v30.1118