Two-Dimensional Resistivity Modeling of Seawater Intrusion Along the West Flood Canal, Semarang

Amanda Rizky Utami; Lina Handayani; Yayat Sudrajat; Muhammad Hanif

doi:10.55981/risetgeotam.2023.1200

Two-Dimensional Resistivity Modeling of Seawater Intrusion Along the West Flood Canal, Semarang

Amanda Rizky Utami, Lina Handayani, Yayat Sudrajat, Muhammad Hanif

Abstract

The northern coastal area of Semarang City has significant problems with a decrease in groundwater quality due to seawater intrusion. Increasing groundwater extraction and subsidence due to the city growth worsen the condition. It is necessary to collect information on the contaminated location to develop a strategy to decrease the spreading of seawater intrusion. This study aims to identify the presence of seawater intrusion zones in groundwater and estimate the spread distance of seawater intrusion to the land. We applied the electrical resistivity tomography method to obtain the image of the subsurface. A geo-electric survey with a dipole-dipole multi-electrode configuration was completed along the West Flood Canal. The subsurface model result indicated that the identified seawater intrusion zone is associated with a low resistivity value of less than 3 Ohm.m. The zone is about 0 - 70 meters deep near the coast and is thinning to about 2600 meters to the south. The result confirms that seawater has penetrated long distances to the land.

Keywords

seawater intrusion, electrical resistivity tomography, resistivity, Semarang, West Flood Canal

Full Text:

PDF

References

Ardaneswari, T., Yulianto, T., Putranto, P., T., 2016. Analisis Intrusi Air Laut Meggunakan Data Resistivitas. Youngster Phys. J. 5, 335–349.

Budiyono, B., Pamungkas, C., Hanani Darundiati, Y., 2020. The Customer Satisfaction of the Drinking Water in the Coastal of Semarang and the Risk Management. E3S Web Conf. 202. doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202020205015

Deng, Y., Young, C., Fu, X., Song, J., Peng, Z.R., 2017. The integrated impacts of human activities and rising sea level on the saltwater intrusion in the east coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Nat. Hazards 85, 1063–1088. doi:10.1007/s11069-016-2621-5

Erfandi, D., Rachman, A., 2011. Identification of Soil Salinity Due to Seawater Intrusion on Rice Field in the Northern Coast of Indramayu , West Java. J. Trop. Soil 16, 115–121. doi:10.5400/jts.2011.16.2.115

Gudmundsson, A., 2000. Active fault zones and groundwater flow. Geophys. Res. Lett. 27, 2993–2996. doi:10.1029/1999GL011266

Hussain, Y., Fida, S., Gulraiz, U., Abdul, A., Aslam, Q., 2017. Groundwater quality evaluation by electrical resistivity method for optimized tubewell site selection in an ago-stressed Thal Doab Aquifer in Pakistan. Model. Earth Syst. Environ. 3, 1–9. doi:10.1007/s40808-017-0282-3

Lapperre, R.E., Kasse, C., Bense, V.F., Woolderink, H.A.G., Van Balen, R.T., 2019. An overview of fault zone permeabilities and groundwater level steps in the Roer Valley Rift System. Netherlands J. Geosci. 98. doi:10.1017/njg.2019.4

Ling, C., Xu, Q., Zhang, Q., Ran, J., Lv, H., 2016. Application of electrical resistivity tomography for investigating the internal structure of a translational landslide and characterizing its groundwater circulation (Kualiangzi landslide Southwest China ). J. Appl. Geophys. 131, 154–162. doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2016.06.003

Lo, W., Purnomo, S.N., Sarah, D., Aghnia, S., Hardini, P., 2021. Groundwater modelling in urban development to achieve sustainability of groundwater resources: A case study of semarang city, indonesia. Water (Switzerland) 13. doi:10.3390/w13101395

Mabrouk, M.B., Jonoski, A., Solomatine, D., Uhlenbrook, S., 2013. A review of seawater intrusion in Solid the Nile Delta groundwater system – the basis for assessing impacts due to climate changes and water resources development. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss. 10, 10873–10911. doi:10.5194/hessd-10-10873-2013

Nugraha, G.U., Alam, B.Y.C.S.S.S., Nur, A.A., Pranantya, P.A., Handayani, L., Lubis, R.F., Bakti, H., 2021. Vertical Electrical Sounding Exploration of Groundwater in Kertajati, Majalengka, West Java, Indonesia. Indones. J. Geosci. 8, 359–369. doi:10.17014/ijog.8.3.359-369

Prusty, P., Farooq, S.H., 2020. Seawater intrusion in the coastal aquifers of India - A review. HydroResearch 3, 61–74. doi:10.1016/j.hydres.2020.06.001

Putro, A.S.P., Supriyadi, S., Khumaedi, K., 2016. Application of 3D Resistivity Method for Distribution of Seawater Intrusion in The Tanah Mas Residential North Semarang. Natural-B 3, 298–302. doi:10.21776/ub.natural-b.2016.003.04.5

Rahmawati, N., Vuillaume, J.F., Purnama, I.L.S., 2013. Salt intrusion in coastal and lowland areas of semarang city. J. Hydrol. 494, 146–159. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.04.031

Rochaddi, B., Pratikto, I., 2006. Deliniasi Batas Biogeofisik Wilayah Daratan Pesisir. ILMU Kelaut. Indones. J. Mar. Sci. 11, 23–30.

Sarah, D., Syahbana, A.J., Lubis, R.F., Mulyono, A., 2011. Modelling of Land Subsidence Along Tanah Mas -Pelabuhan Section Semarang City Using Finite Element Method. J. Ris. Geol. dan Pertamb. 21, 105. doi:10.14203/risetgeotam2011.v21.50

Setyawan, A., Najib, Aribowo, Y., Trihadini, A., Hastuti, D., Ramdhani, F., Waskito, F., Febrika, G., Virgiawan, G., 2016. Sea Water Intrusion in Kaligawe Semarang Based on Resistivity Data. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. 55, 012053. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/755/1/011001

Soeprobowati, T.R., Suedy, S.W.A., Lubis, A.A., Miller, J., 2020. Pollen and diatom evidence of sea water intrusion, east flood canal (Banjir Kanal Timur), Semarang, Indonesia. Environ. Earth Sci. 79, 1–15. doi:10.1007/s12665-020-09186-x

Sudaryanto, Lubis, R.F., 2011. Penentuan Lokasi Imbuhan Airtanah dengan Pelacak Isotop Stabil 18O DAN 2H di Cekungan Airtanah Dataran Rendah Semarang, Jawa Tengah. J. Ris. Geol. dan Pertamb. 21, 121–129.

Sudaryanto, S., Wibawa, Y.S., 2013. Sejarah Perkembangan Kota Semarang (Jawa Tengah) di Masa Lalu dan Dampak Kehadiran Polutan Nitrat Pada Airtanah di Masa Kini. J. Ris. Geol. dan Pertamb. 23, 27. doi:10.14203/risetgeotam2013.v23.67

Suhartono, E., Purwanto, P., Suripin, S., 2015. Seawater Intrusion Modeling on Groundwater Confined Aquifer in Semarang. Procedia Environ. Sci. 23, 110–115. doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2015.01.017

Suhelmi, I.R., Prihatno, H., 2014. Spatial dynamic model of inundated area due to seal evel rise at Semarang coastal area. J. Mns. dan Lingkung. 21, 15–20.

Supriyadi, Fitrianto, T.N., Khumaedi, dan Sugiyanto, 2021. Identification of seawater intrusion in Kota Lama Semarang and surrounding based on geoelectrical resistivity survey. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 2019, 012087. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2019/1/012087

Supriyadi, Khumaedi, Putro, A.S.P., 2017. Geophysical and hydrochemical approach for seawater intrusion in north semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Int. J. GEOMATE 12, 134–140. doi:10.21660/2017.31.50405

Telford, W., Geldart, L., Sheriff, R., 1990. Electrical properties of rocks and Minerals, in: Applied Geophysics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 283–292. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139167932.009

Thaden, R., Sumardirdja, H., Richards, P., 1975. Geologial Map of Magelang dan Semarang Quarter. Geological Survey of Indonesia.

Thiagarajan, S., Rai, S.N., Kumar, D., Manglik, A., 2018. Delineation of groundwater resources using electrical resistivity tomography. Arab. J. Geosci. 11, 212.

Widada, S., Rochaddi, B., Suryono, C.A., Irwani, I., 2018. Intrusi Air Laut di Pesisir Tugu Kota Semarang Berdasarkan Resistiviti dan Hidrokimia. J. Kelaut. Trop. 21, 75. doi:10.14710/jkt.v21i2.3610

Wijatna, A.B., Kayyis, M., Satrio, Pujiindiyati, E.R., 2019. Study of Seawater Intrusion in Deep Aquifers of Semarang Coast Using Natural Isotopes and Hydrochemicals. Indones. J. Geol. 6, 17–28.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.55981/risetgeotam.2023.1200